Prepare for a smooth take off!

Wow! What a year it has been. We started at the 21000 (or thereabouts) on the Sensex in January 2008 and now we stare with questions such – Is there a bottom? It can’t pierce 8000 levels and of course the all familiar; how low can it go?

We are absolutely awed by the way things can turn in the stock markets and yes, we must admit, it can be a humbling experiance to us. We also believe strong in the idiom – keep it simple stupid (the KISS principle) cause no matter where you enter in a stock, if you enter the right stock (right business model, strong franchise and transparent management), it will all come back one day.

Meaning, imagine you invest a company at its 52 week high and the stock tanks 50% or even 70%, what would you do? If the answer to the question we put before (Is the business model right…) is affirmative, believe it will all come back one day. You will need to be patient. The fact of the matter should be that if you had the courage to buy it at the levels you bought it, you should be buying it even more at the current price.

At this moment all we can quote is what Peter Lynch said “If you believe that this business will be around after the next 20-25 years you shouldn't bother what is the current stock price is.

Its Déjà vu all over again!!

That’s what Yogi Berra, famous for his often very subtle quotes (on second thoughts of course) had said no so long ago. Now we don’t profess and don’t want to beat our drums with a trademark “we told you so” attitude, but nevertheless it does not stop us from just drawing your attention to what we wrote just few months ago in our earlier post.

We had a definitive feeling that this would happen (the Bond rally) and was the only way stocks could rally. Only, as mentioned in the post, we thought the government could be a little lethargic (as always) to step in and help the market. We were wrong.

The Bonds have rallied and how. It’s been an incredible 30% on the gilt funds in only two months! Wow, we say with a dazed look. But if what we said is indeed coming true, what is in store in the next coming months?

Happy New Year 2009?

At the outset, we can certainly tell you that it’s going to get a little rough as we head into 2009. What does that mean? That the situation is not going to turn around (for equities) like a bond rally for sure. Buyers are not going to return in droves to buy real estate, nor will car buyers flood showrooms. People will continue to stash their cash into bank vaults and “saving for the rainy day” will remain the mantra for the next few months.

We believe it will not be until there is any meaningful turnaround happens in the corporate earnings. But the first indications could come from decline in interest payouts of corporates over the next 2-3 quarters.

Next could be the outperformance of the "safety net" stocks or the ones like high dividend yield, stable cash flows - consumer staples and pharma/healthcare and finally growth stocks. Within the growth bandwagon too, we could see the last coach (realty sector) of the train not coming good until 2 years from now.

To summarise:-

• we are indeed in the middle or the last leg of the bond rally
• typically it has been witnessed that stock rally starts 6-9 months after the bond rally completes
• the cycle normally upturns with the value picks / absolute bargains starting to outperform

While we go into 2009, if you are thinking of entering the stock market, it would be akin to coming to the airport 3 hours before you flight takes off. For one there will be no one around, second you could end up first in the que, you could end up with the choicest of seats (we hate tele-check in) and yes when you know that its a large aircraft (like the A-380) you would be sure that you will almost certainly enjoy the flight and it will be a smooth and a perfect take off!


So stay tuned...

The name is BOND !!!!!!!!!!!

While we continue to write on Indian equity markets (which are our forte) we have chosen a misnomer in the title nevertheless. In addition, we strongly believe in following what our mentors have preached. For instance, Peter Lynch maintained (albeit mockingly) that “people who trade bonds do not know what they are missing”.

This time, however, we are departing from writing about our favorite asset class – equities. We are writing about Indian BOND market. Also, we’ve not forgotten that over a “long term horizon and on average equities outperformed bonds most of the time”.

So why are we even thinking about them leave alone write and put forth a case. The point worthy of mention here is that equity markets outperform bonds on average and that there could be that occasional period where bonds outperform equities in the past and can happen in future as well.

Is this that time when bond markets will overtake the equities over a short time in the future?

Let us see. For starters, we know that these things do not happen only occasionally and the last time that happened in India was just 5 years ago. For records, Indian bond markets returned whopping 18% (this is not a typo) in 2003-2004 period as compared with 6-8% return from equities.

What could then be the ingredients of a bond market rally the?

1. Plateau experienced in the rate environment (monetary policy of the central bank) after a rate tightening environment as a result of many MACRO factors (inflation etc.).



2. View from the central bank that interest rate plateau is certainly choking growth (given inflation is under control) and there exists a scenario to decrease the rates to stimulate demand or growth.



3. Existing bond paper would be much sought after as bond prices would rally as effects on interest rate stimulus will be only seen 2-3 quarters down in line.
   
   

   Are we then saying that now is the time to invest in bond markets and bond funds in particular?

   
   
   1. It looks like some of the ingredients mentioned above certainly could come through over the next few quarters. What could be the factors that would make this possible? Let's see.
   
   
   2. For one, we are in an inflationary environment, with runaway prices on commodities (agro and otherwise), high fuel prices and resultant liquidity tightening by the central bank (the RBI).
   
   
   3. This would mean that if the situation continues for another couple of quarters then we could end up witnessing rate hikes, albeit modestly. This could in turn impact commercial lending rates and further slow down credit growth visibly(Banks are seeing these early omens - March 2008 Earnings). Another obvious impact of higher rate environment is on the corporate sector, by putting strain on the cash flows by way of higher interest bills each quarter(This could lead to rating agencies showing some concerns).
   
   

   What could be the impact on the GDP growth?

   Well, obviously pressurized corporate sector would borrow lower than before, postpone projects and concentrated on protecting the bottomline. This would visibly impact each one of us adversely. Slower GDP growth than witnessed over the past 3-5 years would not go down well with the government as well and this could be a trigger (There are sell side forecasts of low 6% range to optimistic 8% range).
   

   What would the government do?

   For starters, not much in an election year (2009) and therefore sacrifice growth over inflation control. But not for long, according to us. Which ever party heads the next government in 2009 will start to push reforms, provide more fiscal stimulus and look to push the GDP growth to same levels which we already saw, 9-10% real growth. The caveat in all this could be the government formation by a predominantly one party. Can that happen – lets see.
   

   So what?

   This means by mid-2009 we could witness the same situation we saw in late 2003. Rate cuts, loose monetary policy and ample liquidity. The impact of which will be favourable on the corporate sector and another equities rally. But not before late early 2010.
   

   Then what could be in store in the Bond markets by then?

   
   
   1. As a result of rate cuts, easy monetary policy in early-mid 2009 we could see bond market rally
   
   
   2. Investors would flock to Bond market as a result of weak prospects of performance in the equity markets in 2009 strengthening the rally
   
   
   3. Bond market could end up beating equities market by a whopping margin.
   
   

   Are there holes in this thesis?

Yes but not many.Firstly we could be wrong in purely timing the cycle (late 2008-2009).

Secondly, we do not know how the corporate sector could behave. For instance, if the corporate sector borrows from outside (ECB route- RBI may increase the limit of ECB) then the anticipated slow down will not pinch the GDP and equities would perform much better and RBI could increase rates further. We see this possibility unlikely, given the bottom of the rate cycle in the west.
And lastly, we could be very early on this prediction and therefore limit the returns from the bond markets.

However, the good part is that we have time on our side.


Until next time!

Caution: Sharp turn ahead!

When we started writing in late 2007, we had said that 2008 could be full of uncertainty (refer: Ab kya hoga?). At that moment we did not know and did not have an iota of conviction where we could end up after 2008. At this juncture, however, we believe that 2H 2008 could be far more correction oriented(bumpy ride) than most people think it will. The reason for this ‘pessimism’ could be in what we are seeing lately on the macro front and its effect on the corporate performance has still to show up, according to us.


What’s up with the Sensex?

There are umpteen articles published recently comparing our markets with those of the rest of the emerging markets. The BRIC economies which had a spectacular run in the last four years have all corrected recently, but the arguments put forth are that the Sensex is amongst the cheapest of the lot, in terms of valuations. For the record the Sensex trades at around 16-17x FY09 earnings compared with other emerging economies which trade more than this multiple.
For one, Sensex companies have had a spectacular run in the last four years making them from ultra cheap in 2003 to overvalued by early 2008. For instance, the erstwhile (consolidated) Reliance Industries Ltd. was trading around 16-17x 1yr forward earnings in 2004, while now it trades at around 22-23x 1yr forward earnings. Sure it has corrected from 28x it was trading in early 2008. But we believe that to make an entry into Reliance Industries, we still have time on our side, right through 2008. This is true for most of the Sensex companies.

Secondly, sector wise we think that it would be prudent to move away from high beta sectors (read; rate sensitives, high growth, high multipliers), to defensive yield oriented and low beta sectors.

Thirdly, we believe that the near term could throw up certain sectors which could end up gaining from the current slowdown. Counterintuitive you might say. We meant in terms of relative performance.

Slippery when wet!!

Its like running while wearing rubber gripped shoes on a concrete surface. When the surface is dry the rubber provides grip and powers us forward. But what if we hit a patch with water on the surface. Just can’t imagine that, can you? The same, we argue, is that case with rate sensitives, high capex sectors, and ultra growth movers. A little lower octane (capital) provided than before can slow these sectors more than a few percentage points.
As a result of the successive liquidity squeeze, which in all probability does not seem to be over, the octane for certain sectors suddenly has been cut.

Real estate, banking, capital goods, construction, autos and manufacturing in heavy industries are the ones which could have visible lack luster performance in FY09. This situation could get complex as a result of commodity inflation, resulting in another set of industries such as Metals, cement, transportation & logistics and processing companies getting margin squeeze.

We believe that it is indeed a time to get defensive, albeit move into a watch mode from here. This situation could persist for maybe a year before the next leg of performance by the heavyweights of capital consumption.

The formula (if we can call that) to get over this trying phase is to look back at those sectors which display a secular demand which is devoid of economic cycles. FMCG, F&B companies, Pharma, IT and related services and of course medical care.

These stocks will display continued growth, could be available cheaper than those stocks in the cyclical sectors and could assure you decent returns which may not be provided by cyclical or growth stocks in this period of pain.

One could therefore look at stock such as ITC, Indian Hotels, Apollo Hospitals, PVR, and TCS.

Therefore, if the hare is resting bet on the tortoise.

Picking beaten angels - Part II - LMW (BSE: 500252)

Amongst all the clutter and noise at present in the market, we believe that there are companies which are plugging away slowly, beaten down more than necessary due to market pessimism and worthy of mention as a result of attractive fundamental story. LMW or Lakshmi Machine Works, (BSE: 500252; NSE: LAXMIMACH), is one such name. Below, we present our case:

Investment Rationale:

Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd (LMW) is a Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu based textile machinery manufacturer. LMW is India’s largest and world’s third largest textile machinery manufacturer. LMW is a 40 years old company and sold almost 2.3mn spindles in 2007 with almost 60% of the domestic market. Swiss based Rieter is world’s largest textile machinery manufacturer and has a long association with LMW. LMW acquired the technology to manufacturer textile machines from Rieter’s only. In 1999, both the companies called off their collaboration, but Rieter still continues to hold 13% in LMW and has its own production unit in India as well. Before we start narrating the entire script, here are the following major pillars of our investment thesis:

1. Orders of Rs.4500 Crores in hand, leading to a sales visibility for next 2 years.
2. Gets 10% of the order as advance from the customer, leading to negative working capital
3. Debt free with a cash of ~ INR 600 Crores at FY 07 end
4. Gets 1.75% of the textile machinery bill amount as subsidy from GOI under the EPCG scheme. Sales of textile machinery to 100% textile EOU are considered to be deemed exports.
5. Stable OPM of 17-18% and PAT of 11-12%
6. Implementation of VAT in TamilNadu is saving Rs.2.5-3 Crores every month for the company
7. Exploring other major Asian textile manufacturing hubs like Pakistan and Bangladesh
8. Textile Up-gradation Fund Scheme (TUFS) has been extended till 2012 by GOI

9. No price change since June 2005 with iron & steel, aluminum, brass, copper and pig iron as the biggest raw materials
10. Invested ~Rs.400 Crores in last few years to double the production capacity to 3.5mn spindles in 2008 from 1.8mn spindles in 2006
11. No plans to expand the capacity going forward

One Immediate Trigger

Voltas provides presales, order booking and installation services to LMW. In its latest results announced by Voltas, the company has gone on record saying that “Textile Machinery division achieved 20% growth in equipment sales”. Applying the same logic to LMW, the company should post the same growth in its textile machinery business also leading to Rs.2000-2100 Crores of sales in FY08 with Rs.1682 Crores of sales in FY08.

LMW is scheduled to announce its results on May 19, 2008.

Indian Textile industry – Key Facts

1. Accounts for 14% of industrial production and 4% of GDP
2. Employs approx 35mn people, second largest after agriculture
3. India’s textile exports in 2006-07 - $17B. Target to export $50B by 2012
4. India’s expected domestic textile market in 2012 - $50-60B
5. Installation of 38.8mn spindles (21mn supplied by LMW) out of which:
1. 29.8mn are active
2. 10mn are waiting to be scrapped
3. 15mn are fit for modernization
6. 6. India’s textile machinery market (3.9mn pa) is second largest after China (7mn pa). Pakistan is third largest with 1.1mn spindles pa.
7. 7. India is expected to add 3.5mn – 4.8mn – 5.4mn spindles every year under worst, base and best case scenario till 2012 to reach its $50B export target.

Business Profile

1. More than 4 decades old
2. Sold 2.33 mn spindles in 2006-07, with ~60% of the Indian market
3. Third largest textile machinery manufacturer worldwide with Rieter of Switzerland and Schlafhorst of Germany bigger than LMW
4. Long-term association with Rieter has helped the company to learn the technology with 90% of raw material and components locally procured. Reiter holds 13% of LMW. Reiter has its own production unit in India.
5. Large localization helps the company to sell the products at 15-20% less than its global peers.
6. Invested Rs.410 Crores in last 2 years to increase the capacity from 1.8 mn spindles in 2006 to 3.5 mn in 2008.
7. Takes 10% of the order as advance, leading to negative working capital. Similar amount on Rieter BS seems to make this a worldwide phenomenon.
8. Increased capacity and improvements in production has helped the company to decrease the delivery period to 10 months from 18 months.
9. Worldwide textile machinery demand peaked in 1HFY07. LMW is expected to end FY08 with an order book of Rs.4500 Crores as against Rs.5400 at Q2FY08 end.
10. Plan the production at the beginning of the quarter by getting an approval from the customers.
11. Irrespective of the date of arrival of the order, the customer is charged at the time of delivery of the machinery.
12. The pricing is done as per the prices prevalent at the time of delivery, as per the competitor’s rates and the market conditions. Due to this practice, the margins are expected to remain stable going forward.
13. The company has been following the current pricing rules since last 40 years and has never faced any issue with any customer.
14. No price hikes since June 2005.
15. The company gets 1.75% of the bill value machinery sold as exports or to EOU’s as benefit under EPCG scheme from GOI. The company previously used to share (50:50) the benefits with the customers but now has stopped the practice.
16. Implementation of VAT in Tamil Nadu is helping the company to save Rs.2.5 Crores - 3 Crores every month.
17. Holds investments worth Rs.60 Crores. JV with Rieter had sales of Rs.121 Crores and PAT of Rs.9.85 Crores in 2006-07. LMW has invested Rs.12.5 Crores in the JV.

Product Profile

1. Textile Machinery Division – 90% of the sales
2. Machinery tools & Foundry Division – 10% of the sales.
3. As the technology in the machinery tools division is highly guarded by some of the world major’s, the sales mix is not expected to change dramatically going forward.

Shareholding Pattern

Association with Voltas is strategic as the same provides presales, order booking and installation services to LMW. Voltas charges 3%-4% of the bill amount as commission.

We would like to resist from giving any projections considering the uncertain economic environment we are in. Also as per our philosophy, is it what he have that matters and not the uncertain future.

Conclusion

LMW with its leading position and strong order book is a strong defensive investment available at cheap valuations. We expect the company to do well in future and the share price to mirror company’s financial performance.